LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATION OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS WITH LATE-LIFE WEALTH CHANGES AMONG OLDER AMERICANS

Abstract Disparities in wealth in the US are linked to disadvantageous health outcomes over the lifecourse. Cognitive impairment can widen wealth disparities. We examine how cognitive impairment influences change in wealth starting in mid-life and into older adulthood and the role of social determinants of health in wealth loss due to cognitive impairment. We use biennial longitudinal data (Health and Retirement Study: 2000-2018) on Non-Hispanic White (NH-W), NH-Black (NH-B), and Hispanic (H) middle-aged adults (51-64 years and cognitively healthy in 2000; unweighted n=3,651) to model wealth change (measured as the relative (%) difference in reported wealth between 2000-2018 [in 2018 dollars]) as a function of cognitive status (using three latent phenotypes derived from longitudinal latent class analyses: cognitively healthy [CH; 77%], increasing cognitive impairment [ICI; 19%], and increasing dementia [ID; 4%]). We fit racial/ethnic stratified regression models to examine relationships between cognitive phenotypes and wealth change, adjusting for covariates. Using Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition techniques, we examined the contributions of predisposing (e.g. race/ethnicity), health enabling (e.g. insurance source), and health needs (i.e. chronic conditions) factors in wealth change by cognitive phenotypes. Results show NH-Ws had higher levels of reported wealth in both 2000 and 2018, compared to NH-Bs and Hs. However, the relative rate of change in wealth was not-significantly different across race/ethnic groups. Education, insurance, and health explained most differences in wealth change related to cognitive impairment. Yet, nearly 50% of group differences in wealth changes remained unexplained. Future work should further elucidate sources of these unexplained differences, overall and by race/ethnicity.

goal of this study was to examine perceived discrimination and inequality in relation to long-term change in control beliefs, in a national sample, using data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) longitudinal study (Waves II and III, N = 2540, MIDUS II age range: 30-84, Mean=55.53, SD=11.21).Perceived discrimination was quantified as the sum of 9 items capturing experiences of daily discrimination.Perceived inequality was measured in three settings: work, family (relationship with children), and home.Both mastery and perceived constraints were used as indicators of control beliefs.The results revealed a significant decline in control between the two waves.Controlling for age, gender, education, self-rated physical health, and baseline control beliefs, higher daily discrimination and perceived inequality were significantly associated with lower control beliefs, 8 to 10 years later.There were not significant interactions with age and the patterns of results persisted when other relevant factors, such as cognitive performance and physical activity, were considered.The findings suggest that interventional programs should target (sources of) perceived discrimination and inequality and that changes in control beliefs could be considered a potential mechanism of the association between social stress and trajectories of healthy aging.
Abstract citation ID: igad104.3078Household conditions play a crucial role in the well-being of older adults, who usually spend much longer time in their homes than younger adults.Few studies have examined the compound effects of multiple household conditions on trajectory of cognition function among older adults.This study examines the relationship between household environments and trajectories of cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults in China.It also examines urban/rural, gender, and age variations in this relationship.Using a representative sample of 16,111 respondents aged 45 years and over from four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2018), we estimated multi-level linear growth curve models of household social, economic, and physical conditions on cognitive decline over seven years.The results show that older people who lived with spouse but not with children and those with higher living expenditures, better housing quality, and indoor clean fuels for cooking had slower cognitive decline.Living arrangement more strongly predicted men's cognitive decline while living expenditure, solid fuel use and housing quality significantly predicted only women's cognitive decline.Only for adults aged 60 year and over, living alone or living with spouse and adult children significantly predicted a faster cognitive decline.Only for rural residents, living alone or living with young children and no adult children significantly predicted a faster cognitive decline.These findings underscore the importance of social policies and programs targeting at improving the living conditions of older adults to help mitigate their cognitive decline.

HOUSEHOLD ENVIRONMENTS AND COGNITIVE DECLINE AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS IN CHINA
Abstract citation ID: igad104.3079

INEQUALITY IN AWARENESS, TREATMENT, AND CONTROL OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS AMONG OLDER ADULTS AND ELDERLY IN INDIA Rajeev Singh, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Globally, 1.1 billion people have some form of visual impairment, and 90 percent of them live in low and middleincome countries.The prevalence of visual impairment is increasing, and the likelihood of increasing this trend is also higher.Yet, there is little evidence on the extent of awareness, treatment, and control (ATC) of visual impairment in India.We estimate the prevalence and ATC of visual impairment among older adults and the elderly across socioeconomic groups.We used the unit data from the first round of the Longitudinal ageing study of India (LASI), 2017-18, bivariate analysis, estimated age sex-adjusted prevalence, logistic regression, concentration index, and concentration curve used in the analyses.Among the 45+ population, 30.18% have any form of visual impairment, around 47.96% have awareness about the visual impairment, 17.21% have taken treatment for vision-related issues, and 12.70% have control vision after treatment.The prevalence was higher among the illiterate poor and females; however, the awareness, treatment, and control were higher among those with higher education who belongs to the richer richest wealth quintile.The concentration index and concentration curve suggest that higher prevalence was concentrated among the poor, and contrary to that, awareness treatment and control were concentrated among richer.To deal with it, public health services from the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels may be integrated for effective care of growing, underdiagnosed, and untreated visual impairments among older adults and the elderly in India.
Abstract citation ID: igad104.3080Disparities in wealth in the US are linked to disadvantageous health outcomes over the lifecourse.Cognitive impairment can widen wealth disparities.We examine how cognitive impairment influences change in wealth starting in mid-life and into older adulthood and the role of social determinants of health in wealth loss due to cognitive impairment.We use biennial longitudinal data (Health andRetirement Study: 2000-2018) on Non-Hispanic White (NH-W), NH-Black (NH-B), and Hispanic (H) middle-aged adults (51-64 years and cognitively healthy in 2000; unweighted n=3,651) to model wealth change (measured as the relative (%) difference in reported wealth between 2000-2018 [in 2018 dollars]) as a function of cognitive status (using three latent phenotypes derived from longitudinal latent class analyses: cognitively healthy [CH; 77%], increasing cognitive impairment [ICI; 19%], and increasing dementia [ID; 4%]).We fit racial/ethnic stratified regression models to examine relationships between cognitive phenotypes and wealth change, adjusting for covariates.Using Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition techniques, we examined the contributions of predisposing (e.g.race/ethnicity), health enabling (e.g. insurance source), and health needs (i.e.chronic conditions) factors in wealth change by cognitive phenotypes.Results show NH-Ws had higher levels of reported wealth in both 2000 and 2018, compared to NH-Bs and Hs.However, the relative rate of change in wealth was not-significantly different across race/ethnic groups.Education, insurance, and health explained most differences in wealth change related to cognitive impairment.Yet, nearly 50% of group differences in wealth changes remained unexplained.Future work should further elucidate sources of these unexplained differences, overall and by race/ethnicity.Productive social engagement (PSE) has been identified as a crucial factor in promoting subjective health in later life.However, there has been limited focus on how perceived socioeconomic status (SES) among older adults mediates this relationship over the long term.This study employed data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging to examine a sample of 2,865 individuals aged 55 or above from 2011 to 2015.By employing a path analysis, this study tested the hypothesized effects developed from active aging theory and social capital theory.Results indicates that : 1.Higher levels of PSE and perceived SES predicted higher subjective health within the same wave, both in T1 and T2. 2. Perceived SES mediated the relationship between PSE and subjective health only in T1.Also, the effect of T1 PSE on T2 PSE operated through T1perceived SES. 3. T1 PSE positively predicted T2 subjective health through T1 perceived SES and T2 perceived SES over the time.This study sheds light on the mechanism linking PSE, perceived SES, and subjective health.The findings suggest that higher perceived SES is associated with more PSE in a four-year interval, which in turn predicts higher subjective health.This indicates that social capital may facilitate older adults' access to PSE over time.Future research should investigate the role of perceived SES and how it interacts with objective and subjective physical well-being in later life.Interventions should target ways to help older adults access opportunities for engaging in productive activities to improve their health.

LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATION OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS WITH LATE-LIFE WEALTH CHANGES AMONG OLDER AMERICANS
Abstract citation ID: igad104.3082

PRIMARY MOTIVATIONS OF AFRICAN AMERICANS AND LATINOS TO PARTICIPATE IN ALZHEIMER'S PREVENTION RESEARCH
Lizbeth Vera Murillo 1 , Angel Collie 1 , Maria Vander Meulen 1 , Monique Villamor 1 , and Jody Nicholson-Bell 2 , 1. University of North Florida,Jacksonville,Florida,United States,2. Clemson University,Clemson,South Carolina,United States The prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias (ADRD) is higher among racial/ethnic minorities as compared to White/Caucasian individuals, yet there is poor representation in ADRD research for these minoritized groups.It is essential to investigate the motivation to participate in research for individuals from minoritized groups to optimize inclusiveness through recruitment and retention strategies.The current project explores racial/ethnic differences in motivations to participate in an ADRD prevention study using case-controlled matching between White/ Caucasians (n=210; M = 71.01years, SD = 4.41) and African American/Black (n=210; M = 71.26years, SD = 4.47) participants, and between non-Hispanics (n = 158; M =71.13,SD = 5.33), and Hispanic participants (n = 157; M = 71.48years, SD = 5.14).Results indicated Latinos/Hispanics were more likely to report concerns about brain health and aging (59.7%; χ ² = 3.99, p < .05,φ=.11) and improvement of personal brain health (60.9%; χ ² = 4.30, p < .05,φ=.12) as a motivator compared to non-Hispanics.African American/ Blacks were more likely to report concerns about brain health (59.6%; χ ² = 4.66, p < .05,φ=.12) as a motivator compared to White/Caucasians.Data from the current study about the concerns of cognitive decline and brain health for African Americans/Blacks and Latinos/Hispanic opens an avenue by which participation in clinical trials may be increased by better project marketing/advertisement focusing on the advantages of preventative health behaviors involving non-pharmacological methods and cognitive health resources that might be available within a research environment.

RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN OBJECTIVE HEARING AND SUBJECTIVE HEARING RATINGS
Charity Lewis 1 , Joanne Elayoubi 1 , Michelle Arnold 1 , Yuri Jang 2 , Victora Sanchez 1 , Julia Toman 1 , and William Haley 1 , 1. University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States, 2. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States Background: Hearing loss and hearing health are underrecognized public health urgencies affecting over 70% of adults aged 70 and older.Untreated hearing loss has its association with higher prevalence of adverse physical and cognitive health outcomes.Current literature reveals racial disparities in hearing aid utilization.Based on the Health Belief Model suggesting that subjective beliefs are predictive of health behaviors, the present investigation focused on the correspondence between objective and subjective ratings of hearing in older Blacks and Whites.We identified groups that are concordant and discordant (overestimation and underestimation) in their ratings and explored determinants of the group membership.Methods: We included participants over age 50 from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 2,495).Subjective and Objective hearing loss relation to race and age was determined via Chi-square analysis.Hierarchical linear regression models were completed to identify odds ratios Ye Luo 1 , Dandan Zhao 1 , Xi Pan 2 , and Lingling Zhang 3 , Darlingtina Esiaka 1 , Ashly Westrick 2 , Ronica Rooks 3 , Helen Meier 4 , Mark Manning 5 , and Wassim Tarraf 6 , 1.